Flag History
The state seal, designed by Miss Emma Edwards, is an integral part of Idaho's flag. She honored the women's suffrage movement on the seal with its female figure of Liberty and Justice, which supports one side of the coat of arms. On the other is a miner. The shield between them represents the protection they unite in giving the state. The fir tree and sheaf of grain depict Idaho's agricultural resources. An elk's head, rising above the shield, stresses the protection of the elk and moose in Idaho. Below the shield, fruits and vegetables fill cornucopias to symbolize abundance.
Flag Adopted: 1907
State Nickname: The Gem State
State Motto: Esto perpetua, Latin for "May it endure forever"
Area: 83,564 square miles
Approximate Population: 945,000
Capital: Boise
Largest City: Boise
Major Products: potatoes, wheat, timber, minerals
State Bird: Mountain Bluebird
State Tree: Western White Pine
State Flower: Syringa
